| DRUGS |
TRADE
OR OTHER NAMES |
MEDICAL
USES |
DEPENDENCE |
TOLERANCE |
DURATION
(HOURS) |
USUAL
METHODS OF ADMINISTRATION |
POSSIBLE
EFFECTS |
EFFECTS
OF OVERDOSE |
WITHDRAWL SYNDROME |
SOCIAL
DYSFUNCTION |
| PHYSICAL |
PSYCHOLOGICAL |
IMMEDIATE
(SHORT TIME) |
DELAYED
(PROLONGED) |
| NARCOTICS |
| Opium |
Apheem |
Analgesic,
antidiarrheal |
High |
High |
Yes |
3-6 |
Oral, Smoked |
Euphoria
Drowsiness
Nausea
Respiratory Depression
Contricted pupils |
Impaired health
High Incidence of infection and infectious diseases e.g. :
- Septicemia
- Endocarditis
- Hepatitis
- Teatnus
- Pulmonary, Cerebral & Subcutaneous Abscesses
Early Death
Tolerance
Dependence
Behavioural Changes |
Slow
and shallow
breathing,
clammy skin,
circulatory
failure,
convulsions,
coma,
possible death
|
Insomnia, watery eyes, running nose,
yawning, loss of appetite, irritability, tremors, panic cramps, nausea/vomiting, chills
and sweating, diarrhoea |
HOME:
Family dysfunctioning,
child abuse,
Spouse abuse,
Seperation, Divorce.
SCHOOL:
Drop outs, Failures,
Acting out behaviours.
JOB:
Poor efficiency,
Suspension, Loss of Job, Loss of Productivity.
COMMUNITY:
Impaired Driving,
Assaults, Theft,
Murder, Rape,
Domestic Violence,
Economic Losses |
| Morphine |
Morphine, Morphia |
Analgesic, antitussive,
cardiac cases |
High |
High |
Yes |
3-6 |
Oral, Smoked,
Injected |
| Codeine |
Empirin, Codeine
Phosphate, Codeine
Phensidyl |
Analgesic, antitussive |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Yes |
3-6 |
Oral, Injected |
| Heroin |
Diacetylmorhhine,
Smack, Brown Sugar,
Gard |
None |
High |
High |
Yes |
3-6 |
Injected, Sniffed,
Smoked |
| Meperidine (Pethidine) |
Demerol, Pethidine |
Analgesic |
High |
High |
Yes |
3-6 |
Oral, Injected |
Methadone
Other Marcotics |
Methadone
Lomotil |
Analgesic
Analgesic, antidarrheal
antitussive |
High
High-Low |
High-Low
High-Low |
Yes
Yes |
12-24
Variable |
Oral, Injected
Oral, Injected |
| DEPRESSANTS |
DRUGS
|
TRADE OR OTHER NAMES |
MEDICAL USES |
DEPENDENCE |
TOLERANCE |
DURATION
(HOURS) |
USUAL
METHODS OF ADMINSTRATION |
POSSIBLE EFFECTS |
EFFECTS
OF OVERDOSE |
WITHDRAWL SYNDROME |
SOCIAL DYSFUNCTION |
| PHYSICAL |
PSYCHOLOGICAL |
IMMEDIATE
(SHORT TIME) |
DELAYED
(PROLONGED) |
| Barbiturates |
Amytal, Butisol,
Cyclobarbital, Barbital
Nembutal, Secconal,
Tuinal, Phenobarbital
Amobarbital |
Anesthetic, anticonvulsant,
sedative, hypnotic,
veterinary euthanasia agent |
High-Mode |
High-Mode |
Yes |
1-16 |
Oral |
Slurred speech Disorientation Drunken
Behaviour - with odour of alchohol, Sluggishness |
Sluggishness
Difficulty in thinking
Slowness and slurring of speech
Poor comprehension & memory
Faulty Judgement
Narrowed range of attention
Exxageration of basic personality
Traits
Irritability
Quarrelsome
Moroseness |
Shallow respiration, clammy skin,
dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death |
Anxiety, insomnia, tremors, delirium,
convulsions, possible death |
HOME:
Family dysfunctioning,
child abuse,
Spouse abuse,
Seperation, Divorce.
SCHOOL:
Drop outs, Failures,
Acting out behaviours.
JOB:
Poor efficiency,
Suspension, Loss of Job, Loss of Productivity.
COMMUNITY:
Impaired Driving,
Assaults, Theft,
Murder, Rape,
Domestic Violence,
Economic Losses |
| Benzodiazepines |
Diazepam, Librium,
Valium, Paxipam,
Calmpose |
Antianxiety, anticonvulsant,
Sedative, hypnotic |
Low |
Low |
Yes |
4-8 |
Oral |
| Methaqualone |
Mandrax, Prodorm,
Nindra |
Sedative, hypnotic |
High |
High |
Yes |
4-8 |
Oral |
| Other Depressants |
Placidyl |
Antianxiety, sedative, hypnotic |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Yes |
4-8 |
Oral |
| STIMULANTS |
|
| DRUGS |
TRADE OR OTHER NAMES |
MEDICAL USES |
DEPENDENCE |
TOLERANCE |
DURATION
(HOURS) |
USUAL
METHODS OF ADMIN. |
POSSIBLE EFFECTS |
EFFECTS
OF OVERDOSE |
WITHDRAWL
SYNDROME |
SOCIAL DYSFUNCTION |
PHYSICAL |
PSYCHOLOGICAL |
IMMEDIATE
(SHORT TIME) |
DELAYED
(PROLONGED) |
| Cocaine |
Crack |
Local anesthetic |
Possible |
High |
Yes |
1-2 |
Sniffed, Smoked, Injected |
Increased alertness
Excitation, Violent behaviour
Euphoria
Increased pusle rate & blood pressure
Insomnia
Loss of Appetite |
Microvascular damage
Neuronal chromatolysis
Postural abnormalities
Psychosis |
Agitation,
increase in body temperature, hallucinations,
convulsions, possible death |
Apathy, long periods of sleep,
irritability, depression, disorientation |
HOME:
Family dysfunctioning,
child abuse,
Spouse abuse,
Seperation, Divorce.
SCHOOL:
Drop outs, Failures,
Acting out behaviours.
JOB:
Poor efficiency,
Suspension, Loss of Job, Loss of Productivity.
COMMUNITY:
Impaired Driving,
Assaults, Theft,
Murder, Rape,
Domestic Violence,
Economic Losses |
| Amphetamines |
Dexerine, Dexamohetamina, Biphetamine |
Attention deficit
disorders, narcolepsy, weight control |
Possible |
High |
Yes |
2-4 |
Oral, Injected |
| Phenmetrazine |
Preludin |
Weight control |
Possible |
High |
Yes |
2-4 |
Oral, Injected |
| Methylphenidate |
Ritalin |
Attention deficit
disorders, narcolepsy |
Possible |
Moderate |
Yes |
2-4 |
Oral, Injected |
| Other Stimulants |
Sanorex |
Weight control |
Possible |
High |
Yes |
2-4 |
Oral, Injected |
| HALLUCINOGENS |
|
| DRUGS |
TRADE OR OTHER NAMES |
MEDICAL USES |
DEPENDENCE |
TOLERANCE |
DURATION
(HOURS) |
USUAL
METHODS OF
ADMIN. |
POSSIBLE EFFECTS |
EFFECTS
OF OVERDOSE |
WITHDRAWL
SYNDROME |
SOCIAL DYSFUNCTION |
| PHYSICAL |
PSYCHOLOGICAL |
IMMEDIATE
(SHORT TIME) |
DELAYED
(PROLONGED) |
| LSD |
Acid |
None |
None |
Unknown |
Yes |
8-12 |
Oral |
Illusions & Hallucinations
Poor perception of time & distance |
Serious depression
Prolonged psychotic episodes or Paranoid behaviour
Deficits in the capacity for abstract thinking "Flash backs" |
Longer more intense trip episodes,
psychosis, possible death |
Withdrawal syndrome not reported |
HOME:
Family dysfunctioning,
child abuse,
Spouse abuse,
Seperation, Divorce.
SCHOOL:
Drop outs, Failures,
Acting out behaviours.
JOB:
Poor efficiency,
Suspension, Loss of Job, Loss of Productivity.
COMMUNITY:
Impaired Driving,
Assaults, Theft,
Murder, Rape,
Domestic Violence,
Economic Losses |
| Amphetamine Variants |
MDMA, Ecstacy |
None |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Yes |
Variable |
Oral, Injected |
| Phencyclidine |
PCP |
None |
Unknown |
High |
Yes |
Days |
Smoked,Oral,Injected |
| Other Hallucinogens |
Magic Mushroom,
Psilocybin, Psilocyn |
None |
None |
Unknown |
Possible |
Variable |
Smoked, Oral,
Injected. Sniffed |
| CANNABIS |
DRUGS
|
TRADE OR OTHER NAMES |
MEDICAL USES |
DEPENDENCE |
TOLERANCE |
DURATION
(HOURS) |
USUAL
METHODS OF
ADMIN. |
POSSIBLE EFFECTS |
EFFECTS
OF OVERDOSE |
WITHDRAWL
SYNDROME |
SOCIAL DYSFUNCTION |
PHYSICAL |
PSYCHOLOGICAL |
IMMEDIATE
(SHORT TIME) |
DELAYED
(PROLONGED) |
| Marijuana |
Pot, Grass, Reeter,
Bhang, Ganja, Sulfa |
None |
Unknown |
Moderate |
Yes |
2-4 |
Smoked, Oral |
Euphoria
Relaxed Inhibitions
Increased appetite
Disoriented behaviour |
Increased heart rate
Increase in systolic blood pressure
Altered perception of time
Change in personality
Decreased interest in achievement & pursuit of conventional goals |
Fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis |
Insomnia, hyperactivity and decreased
appetite occasionally reported |
HOME:
Family dysfunctioning,
child abuse,
Spouse abuse,
Seperation, Divorce.
SCHOOL:
Drop outs, Failures,
Acting out behaviours.
JOB:
Poor efficiency,
Suspension, Loss of Job, Loss of Productivity.
COMMUNITY:
Impaired Driving,
Assaults, Theft,
Murder, Rape,
Domestic Violence,
Economic Losses |
| Tetrahydrocannabinol |
THC |
Cancer chemotherapy antinauseant |
Unknown |
Moderate |
Yes |
2-4 |
Smoked, Oral |
| Hashish |
Hash, Charas |
None |
Unknown |
Moderate |
Yes |
2-4 |
Smoked, Oral |
| Hashish Oil |
Hash Oil |
None |
Unknown |
Moderate |
Yes |
2-4 |
Smoked, Oral |
|
